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PLANTS>>Flowering Plants>>Angiosperms (Magnoliophyta)>>Dicotyledons (Magnoliopsida)>>Asteridae>>Rubiales>>Rubiaceae>>Rubia>>Rubia manjith Roxb.ex Fleming>>
Taxon ID: [495], Rubia manjith Roxb.ex Fleming
Taxonomy Ecology Uses Market Conservation and Management References
Family Name

Rubiaceae

Taxon Name:
Rubia manjith Roxb. ex Fleming, Asiat. Res. 11: 177 (1810). Press et al., Ann. Checklist Fl. Pl. Nep. : 278 (2000).
Synonyms:
Rubia cordifolia auct. non L.; Rubia cordifolia var. munjista  (Roxb.) Miq.; Rubia mungith Roxb. ex Desv.; Rubia munjista Roxb.
English Name(s):
Maddar, Indian Madder, Madder root.
Sanskrit Name(s):

Manjistha, Samanga, Vikasa, Yojanvalli

Common Nepali Name(s):
Majitho, Tiro lahara
Vernacular Name(s):
Tzon (Amchi), Mijuki (Chepang), Takuram (Gurung), Sunggingba (Limbu), Manu (Newari), Kat (Rai), Chokinaama, Chwe (Sherpa), Tinet, Tinru, Tiru (Tamang), Bhadda, Rtsod (Tibet), Chakinama, Kotre, Kath (Solu).
Other Name(s):
Fuvvah (Arabian), Chi Ken (Chinese), Majith, Manjestha, Manjith (Hindi).
Trade Name(s):

Majitho

Life form/Habit:
Prickly creeper or climber.
Habitat:

Moist open places, sub-tropical to temperate region.

Description:

Climbing perennial herb to 3 m, reddish-tinged throughout especially when dry; stems quadrangular, often minutely prickly. Leaves in whorls of 4, often rough to touch; occasionally opposite, often strongly reddish-tinged beneath, ovate-lanceolate to ovate (becoming narrower up stems), 3.5-8 x 1-4cm, acuminate, base cordate on lower leaves, rounded on upper leaves, 3-5 veined, ± glabrous; petioles 2.5-10 cm, strigose-hooked. Flowers in axillary and terminal panicles to 20 x 8cm; lower bract leaf like, upper bracts small; pedicels 2-3.5 mm. Flowers red or orange, 3.5-4.5mm diameter, 5-merous. Corolla tube nearly 0.6 mm; lobes ovate, nearly 1.4mm with very short point. Styles 2, short, free, ovary 2-lobed. Fruit black when ripe, bilobed-globose, fleshy and smooth, 3.5-5mm broad34.

Macroscopic characters:

External surface reddish brown with longitudinal striation and occasional scars, fracture short; thin bark peelable, exposed inner surface more reddish39.

Chromosome number:

(2n = 22, 44, 66, 132)2.

Phenology:

Flowering: June - November                      

Fruiting: November - December
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